美国移民EB1A杰出人才

非凡才能的初步证据

证据审查的第一步仅限于确定随申请提交的证据是否符合监管标准。证据必须由一次性成就（即国际公认的重要奖项比如诺贝尔奖，普利策奖、奥斯卡奖、奥运奖牌）或 10 项监管标准中的至少 3 项组成，或与 10 项监管标准中的至少 3 项相当。官员在做出这一决定时应采用优势证据标准。

在分析的第一步，官员应考虑证据的质量和水平，以确定是否符合特定的监管标准，只要该标准有定性要求即可。官员还不应确定该人是否属于少数几个已跃居该领域顶峰的人，或该人是否在国内或国际上享有盛誉。

下表描述了官员在第一步分析中应做出的有限判断，以确定此人是否符合适用的证据标准，包括任何符合条件的可比证据。

Criterion 1: 

Receipt of lesser nationally or internationally recognized prizes or awards for excellence in the field of endeavor.

First, USCIS determines if the person was the recipient of prizes or awards. The description of this type of evidence in the regulation indicates that the focus should be on the person's receipt of the awards or prizes, as opposed to the employer's receipt of the awards or prizes.

Second, USCIS determines whether the award is a lesser nationally or internationally recognized prize or award which the person received for excellence in the field of endeavor. As indicated by the plain language of the regulation, this criterion does not require an award or prize to have the same level of recognition and prestige associated with the Nobel Prize or another award that would qualify as a one-time achievement.

Examples of qualifying awards may include, but are not limited to:

Certain awards from well-known national institutions or well-known professional associations;

Certain doctoral dissertation awards; and Certain awards recognizing presentations at nationally or internationally recognized conferences.

Considerations:

Relevant considerations regarding whether the basis for granting the prizes or awards was excellence in the field include, but are not limited to:

The criteria used to grant the awards or prizes;

The national or international significance of the awards or prizes in the field;

The number of awardees or prize recipients; and Limitations on competitors.

While many scholastic awards do not have the requisite level of recognition, there may be some that are nationally or internationally recognized as awards for excellence such that they may satisfy the requirements of this criterion.

For example, an award available only to persons within a single locality, employer, or school may have little national or international recognition, while an award open to members of a well-known national institution (including an R1 or R2 doctoral university) or professional organization may be nationally recognized.

Similarly, national or international recognition is most often associated with awards given to individuals at the highest level in a given field. However, there is no specific requirement that an award be open to all members of the field, including the most experienced, in order to meet the requirements of this criterion. While limitations on competitors can be a relevant factor, in some instances the evidence may establish that an award or prize is nationally or internationally recognized despite being limited to youth, amateur competitors, or early-career professionals. For instance, awards presented to new players or “rookies” in major sports leagues may garner national or even international media coverage.

标准 1：

获得较少的国内或国际认可的奖项或在工作领域的卓越成就奖。

首先，移民局要确定此人是否获得过奖项或奖励。法规中对此类证据的描述表明，重点应放在个人是否获得奖项或奖品上，而不是雇主是否获得奖项或奖品。

其次，移民局要确定该奖项是否为较低的国内或国际认可的奖项，或该人因在该领域的卓越表现而获得的奖项。正如条例的明文规定，这一标准并不要求奖项或奖品具有与诺贝尔奖或其他一次性成就奖相同的认可度和声望。

符合条件的奖项可包括但不限于以下例子：

知名国家机构或知名专业协会颁发的某些奖项；

某些博士论文奖；以及某些表彰在国内或国际知名会议上发表演讲的奖项。

考虑因素：

关于授予奖项或奖励的依据是否为该领域的卓越成就的相关考虑因素包括但不限于：

授予奖项或奖品所使用的标准；

奖项或奖品在该领域的国家或国际意义；

获奖者的人数；以及对竞争者的限制。

虽然许多学术奖项并不具备必要的知名度，但有些奖项可能是国家或国际公认的优秀 奖项，因此可以满足本标准的要求。

例如，只向一个地方、一个雇主或一所学校的人员颁发的奖项可能在国内或国际上没有什么知名度，而向一个著名的国家机构（包括 R1 或 R2 博士大学）或专业组织的成员颁发的奖项则可能在国内得到认可。

同样，国家或国际认可通常与授予某一领域最高级别个人的奖项有关。不过，并没有具体要求一个奖项必须向该领域的所有成员开放，包括最有经验的人，才能符合本标准的要求。虽然对竞争者的限制可能是一个相关因素，但在某些情况下，尽管仅限于青少年、业余竞争者或职业生涯初期的专业人士，但有证据可以证明某一奖项或奖励是国家或国际公认的。例如，向主要体育联盟中的新选手或 "新秀 "颁发的奖项可能会得到全国甚至国际媒体的报道。

Criterion 2: 

Membership in associations in the field for which classification is sought that require outstanding achievement of their members, as judged by recognized national or international experts in their disciplines or fields.

USCIS determines if the association for which the person claims membership requires that members have outstanding achievements in the field as judged by recognized experts in that field.

Examples of associations in the field requiring outstanding achievement of their members may include, but are not limited to:

A membership in certain professional associations; and

A fellowship with certain organizations or institutions.

Considerations:

The petitioner must show that membership in the association requires outstanding achievements in the field for which classification is sought, as judged by recognized national or international experts.

Associations may have multiple levels of membership. The level of membership afforded to the person must show that in order to obtain that level of membership, recognized national or international experts judged the person as having attained outstanding achievements in the field for which classification is sought.

As a possible example, general membership in an international organization for engineering and technology professionals may not meet the requirements of the criterion. However, if that same organization at the fellow level requires, in part, that a nominee have accomplishments that have, for example, contributed importantly to the advancement or application of engineering, science, and technology, and that a council of experts and a committee of current fellows judges the nominations for fellows, that higher, fellow level may be qualifying.

Another possible qualifying example may include membership as a fellow in a scientific society dedicated to artificial intelligence if the membership is based on recognition of a nominee’s significant, sustained contributions to the field of artificial intelligence, and a panel of current fellows makes the selection of new fellows.

Relevant factors that may lead to a conclusion that the person's membership in the association(s) was not based on outstanding achievements in the field include, but are not limited to, instances where the person's membership was based solely on the following factors (by themselves or in the aggregate):

A level of education or years of experience in a particular field;

The payment of a fee or by subscribing to an association's publications; and

A requirement, compulsory or otherwise, for employment in certain occupations, as commonly seen with union membership or guild affiliation for actors.

标准 2：

加入申请分类的领域内的协会，该协会要求其成员在其学科或领域内由公认的国家或国际专家评判的杰出成就。

美国公民与移民服务局（USCIS）会确定申请人申请加入的协会是否要求其成员在该领域具有公认专家评定的杰出成就。

要求其成员在该领域取得杰出成就的协会包括但不限于以下例子：

某些专业协会的会员资格；以及

某些组织或机构的会员。

考虑因素：

申请者必须证明，根据公认的国家或国际专家的判断，协会会员资格要求在申请定级的领域取得杰出成就。

协会可能有多个会员级别。申请人所获得的会员资格级别必须表明，为了获得该级别会员资格，公认的国家或国际专家判定申请人在申请定级的3领域取得了杰出成就。

例如，一个国际工程技术专业组织的普通成员资格可能不符合该标准的要求。但是，如果同一组织的研究员级别部分要求被提名者具有对工程、科学和技术的进步或应用作出重要贡献的成就，并由一个专家理事会和一个由现任研究员组成的委员会对研究员提名进行评审，则更高的研究员级别可能符合条件。

另一个可能符合条件的例子是，如果被提名者在人工智能领域做出的重大、持续贡献得到认可，而且由现任研究员组成的小组负责遴选新研究员，那么该被提名者就可以成为人工智能科学学会的研究员。

可能导致得出结论认为被提名者的协会会员资格并非基于其在该领域的杰出成就的相关因素包括（但不限于）：被提名者的会员资格仅基于以下因素（本身或总体）：

特定领域的教育水平或多年经验；

支付费用或订阅协会出版物；以及

某些职业就业的强制性或其他要求，如常见的工会会员资格或演员的行会隶属关系。